The Modern art in Iran (Persia)
Throughout history, Iranians have repeatedly acknowledged the profound effects of cultures and artistic heritage of other nations on historical events and cultural exchanges, and combined it with their own art. Such as the influence of Hellenism and its art after Alexander’s invasion and during the Seleucid rule, or the influence that Chinese art style had on Iranian painting during the period after the Mongol invasion and the establishment of the IL khans ,and led to some changes in the Miniature painting style in Iran. (pic 1)
Over the past century, Iranians have become acquainted with modern art, through the court-affiliated artists and the first groups of students who travelled to Europe to study. But it took some time for the achievements of this familiarity with modern art to pass from the closed circle of the royal court and galleries to the daily lives of ordinary people. (pic 2)
The artworks created under the influence of Iranian artists’ acquaintance with modern art can be divided into two general categories:
the Works that have been created in the form of modern art schools with new techniques but using symbols and signs of Iranian culture (pic 3-4)
or vice versa, the artworks that have modern content but by using the Iranian artistic styles and techniques such as mirror working, pottery, tile working, wood graving, carpet weaving and so on. (pic 5-6)
It should not be forgotten that the cultural exchanges of Iranian artists and students with other nations have not been one-sided, but in many cases have led to mutual acquaintance. The footprint of this familiarity and the mutual artistic and cultural influences can be clearly seen in the use of Iranian signs and symbols in the works of international artists and also in the design of the products of prestigious international brands. One of the best examples is the use of the motif of Buteh Jegheh. (pic 7)
Buteh Jegheh which is in the form of teardrop with a curved end is originally a symbol of the cypress tree. This tree is a symbol of immortality, everlasting and the holy fire in Zoroastrianism, which is the ancient religion of Iranians, due to its evergreen leaves. The cypress is also a sign of liberality and freedom from worldly bondage. (pic 8)